GENOME EVOLUTION
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Genome sequences inoratidza nzira dzepasirese dzekupararira uye dzinokurudzira kuchinjika genetic kuchinjika mukushanduka kwegungwa.
PacBio |Ilumina |Hi-C |WGS |Genetic Diversity |Demographic History |Gene Flow
Iyo Pacbio sequencing, genome de novo gungano uye masevhisi ezvinyorwa zvakapihwa neBiomarker Technologies.
Pfungwa huru
1.A high quality chromosome-level seahorse (Hippocampus erectus) genome ine contig N50 ye15.5 Mb yakawanikwa.
2.Kukwana kwe358 genomes kubva pasi rose 21 seahhorse marudzi akadzorerwa zvakare.
3.Seahorses akavepo munguva yekupedzisira yeOligocene uye yakazotevera circum-global colonization nzira dzinozivikanwa uye dzakabatana nekuchinja kwekuchinja kwemafungu egungwa uye paleotemporal kuvhurika kwegungwa.
4.Nheyo yemajini ye "bony spines" inodzokorora phenotype inobatanidzwa kune zvakazvimiririra zvinotsiviwa mune imwe gene yekukura.
5.Rafting kuburikidza nemhepo yegungwa inotsiva kusapararira kwakashata uye kukurumidza kuchinjika kunobatsira kuunganidza nzvimbo itsva dzekugara.
Zvakabudirira
Mufananidzo 1 Genetic diversity uye phylogenetic hukama hwe358 seahorse specimens
aGeographic sampling nzvimbo dzemasample seahorses ane mapatani enucleotide diversity (π) e21 seahhorse marudzi mhiri makumi maviri nemaviri chromosomes.b Muti wakabatana wakavakwa negenome-wide SNPs ye358 seahorses.Nzvimbo dzepini zviratidzo mu (a) uye bazi rekumashure mu (b) rinoenderana.
Fig. 2 Colonization uye nhoroondo yehuwandu hwemabhiza egungwa
aPhylogenetic muti uye divergence nguva inofungidzira ye21 seahorse marudzi.Ukobvu hwemutsetse webazi hunoenderana nehuwandu hwehuwandu hwehuwandu hwehuwandu (Ne) uye mavara anoratidza mitsara yakasiyana.Symbols I–III inoratidza mapoinzi ekuenzanisa.b-d Nzira dzakafanotaurwa dzemakoloni (miseve ine mavara) yemabhiza egungwa zvichienderana nekusiyana nguva, kugovera, zviitiko zvechiitiko, uye mafungu egungwa (maseve machena).b Indo-Australian Archipelago yaive nzvimbo yepakati (yakaiswa mucherechedzo mutsvuku) weiyo genus Hippocampus mabhiza egungwa asati asiyana uye akapararira pasi rose 18–23 Ma.c Seahorses pakutanga akaronga Atlantic Ocean kuburikidza nekuvhura Tethyan gungwa, iyo, mushure mekuvharwa kwayo (Terminal Chiitiko panguva ye7-13 Ma), yakapatsanura iyi dzinza reTethyan kubva kune yayo Indian Ocean sisita dzinza.Iyo yekupedzisira, yakazobva yasiyana nekukurumidza (yellow marking) muGungwa reArabia, kumisa nzvimbo yechipiri yekusiyana kweseahorse.d Chiitiko chechipiri chekoroni yegungwa reAtlantic Ocean chakaitika kubva kuIndian Ocean ingangoita 5Ma nekupfuura muromo weSouth Africa, uye pakupedzisira kusvika muEast Pacific Ocean nemunzira ichiri yakavhurika yePanama seaway ingangoita 3.6 Ma.
Fig. 3 Gene kuyerera uye kuchinja-chinja kwehuwandu hwevanhu hunobudirira
aGene inoyerera yakaonekwa pakati pezvipenyu zvinogara muSouth Atlantic Ocean.Kuyerera kweGene kunoratidzwa padhuze nemitsetse michena seyero yekufambisa yakaderedzwa neG-PhoCS.Ukobvu uye kutungamira kwemiseve zvinoenderana nemitengo uye nzira yekuyerera kwemajini, zvichiteerana.b Kuchinja-chinja kwehukuru hwehuwandu hwevanhu nePSMC.Iyo x axis inomiririra nguva mumakore asati asvika ukuwo y axis inomiririra huwandu hwevanhu hunoshanda.Machati akarongwa zvakanyanya zvichienderana nekugoverwa kwenzvimbo kune imwe neimwe yemhando ine nzvimbo dzakasiyana dzekugovera.c Shanduko yemugungwa mukati memakore miriyoni apfuura mumamita33.Mutsetse weyero unoratidza iyo yekupedzisira yepasi rose interglacial peak nepo cyan shade inoratidza yekupedzisira glacial yakanyanya nguva.
Fig. 4 Kushanduka kwemusana.
aKuruboshwe, Muti weSpecies unoratidza kushanduka kwakazvimiririra kwemaspines mumaseahorses.Kureba kwebazi kunoratidza huwandu hwekutsiviwa nesaiti.Mhando ina dzespiny seahhorse dzinoratidzwa mubhuruu.Mapazi akakora anoenderana nemitengo yakakwira yezvisivhenji-kune-zvinoreva zvakafanana (dN/dS) yebmp3 gene.Canonical uye generalized McDonald uye Kreitman bvunzo (MKT) yebmp3 gene yakaitwa kune matatu maviri maviri masisita emhando ane akasiyana spiny uye asina-spiny maficha akajekeswa nemavara ekumashure, ane kukosha kwemazinga airatidzwa nep kukosha nebhuruu uye tsvuku font, zvichiteerana.Kurudyi, kuenzanisa kweamino acid inotsiva mubmp3 protein, polymorphic uye yakagadziriswa inotsiva mumaspiny seahorses inoratidzwa nemadenderedzwa matsvuku nebhuruu, zvichiteerana.b Kugoverwa kwedN / dS kukosha mu bmp3 mu spiny seahorses kana ichienzaniswa nemhando dzisina-spiny.c Kushanduka kwakazvimirira mumuti wephylogenetic wakagadzirirwazve protein yakavharwa ne bmp3.d Yese-gomo mu situ hybridization yebmp3 muHippocampus erectus.
Reference
Li C et al.Genome sequences inoratidza nzira dzekupararira kwepasirese uye inokurudzira kuchinjika genetic adaptation mukushanduka kwegungwa.Nat Commun.2021 Feb 17;12(1):1094.
Nhau Nezvakakosha inovavarira kugovera nyaya dzichangoburwa dzakabudirira neBiomarker Technologies, kutora budiriro yesainzi pamwe nemaitiro ane mukurumbira akashandiswa panguva yekudzidza.
Nguva yekutumira: Jan-06-2022