GENOME EVOLUTION
ʻano ʻano
HOOLAHA
Hōʻike nā kaʻina Genome i nā ala hoʻopuehu honua a hōʻike i nā hoʻololi genetic convergent i ka hoʻomohala ʻana i ka liona
PacBio |Ilumina |Hi-C |WGS |ʻOkoʻa Genetic |Moolelo Demokaika |Kahe Gene
Ua hāʻawi ʻia ka ʻōnaehana Pacbio, genome de novo hui a me nā lawelawe hōʻike e Biomarker Technologies.
Nā mea nui
1. A kiʻekiʻe quality chromosome-level seahorse (Hippocampus erectus) genome me contig N50 o 15.5 Mb i loaa.
2. He 358 genomes mai ka honua holoʻokoʻa he 21 mau ʻano lio kai i hoʻihoʻi ʻia.
3. Ua ʻike ʻia a hoʻopili ʻia nā lio kai i ka hopena o Oligocene a me nā ala o ka noho ʻana o ka honua holoʻokoʻa i ka hoʻololi ʻana i ka ikaika o nā au kai a me nā puka moana paleotemporal.
4. Hoʻopili ʻia ke kumu moʻo o ka "bony spines" adaptive phenotype i nā pani kūʻokoʻa i loko o kahi gene developmental key.
5. ʻO ka holo ʻana ma nā ʻauwai o ka moana e uku i ka hoʻopuehu maikaʻi ʻole a me ka hoʻololi wikiwiki ʻana e hoʻomaʻamaʻa i ka noho ʻana i nā wahi noho hou.
Nā mea i loaʻa
Fig. 1 Ka ʻokoʻa ʻokoʻa a me nā pilina pili phylogenetic o 358 mau hiʻohiʻona liʻiliʻi.
aNā wahi laʻana ʻāina no nā lio kai i hoʻohālike ʻia me ke ʻano o ka ʻano nucleotide diversity (π) o nā ʻano lio 21 ma waena o 22 chromosomes.b Nā kumulāʻau pili i kūkulu ʻia me nā SNP ākea genome o 358 mau lio kai.ʻO nā hōʻailona pine wahi ma (a) a me ke kua o ka lālā ma (b) pili kekahi i kekahi.
Fig. 2 Ka noho ʻana a me ka mōʻaukala kanaka o nā lio kai
aNā kumulāʻau phylogenetic a me nā manaʻo manawa like ʻole no 21 mau ʻano lio kai.Pili ka mānoanoa o ka lālā me ka helu helu heluna kanaka (Ne) a hōʻike nā kala i nā laina laina like ʻole.Hōʻike nā hōʻailona I–III i nā helu calibration.b–d Ua wānana ʻia nā ala e noho ai (nā pua kala) o nā lio kai ma muli o ka manawa like ʻole, ka māhele ʻana, nā hanana vicariance, a me nā au kai (nā pua keʻokeʻo).b ʻO ka pae ʻāina ʻo Indo-Australian ke kikowaena o ke kumu (ka ʻulaʻula) o ka moʻo Hippocampus ma mua o ka hoʻololi ʻana a hoʻopuehu ʻia nā lio kai ma ka honua 18–23 Ma.Ua noho mua nā Lio kai i ka Moana ʻAkelanika ma o ka wehe ʻana i ke kai ʻo Tethyan, a ma hope o kona pani ʻana (Terminal Event i ka makahiki 7–13 Ma), ua hoʻokaʻawale kēia moʻokūʻauhau Tethyan mai kona hanauna kaikuahine o ka Moana Inia.ʻO ka hope, ua hoʻololi wikiwiki ʻia (ka hōʻailona melemele) i ke Kai Arabia, e hoʻokumu ana i ke kikowaena lua o ka hoʻololi ʻana i nā lio.d Ua hana ʻia ka lua o ka noho aliʻi ʻana o ka moana ʻAkelanika mai ka Moana ʻĪnia ma kahi o 5Ma ma ka hele ʻana i ka ʻaoʻao o ʻApelika Hema, a hōʻea hope loa i ka Moana Pākīpika Hikina ma ke kai ʻo Panama e hāmama ana ma kahi o 3.6 Ma.
Fig. 3 Ka holo ʻana o nā gene a me nā loli i ka nui o ka heluna kanaka
aʻIke ʻia ke kahe o Gene ma waena o nā ʻano mea e noho ana ma ka Moana ʻAkelanika Hema.Hōʻike ʻia ke kahe o Gene ma kahi kokoke i nā laina keʻokeʻo e like me ka helu neʻe ʻana i unuhi ʻia e G-PhoCS.ʻO ka mānoanoa a me ke kuhikuhi ʻana o nā pua e pili ana i ka helu a me ke kuhikuhi o ke kahe ʻana.b Nā loli i ka nui o ka heluna kanaka e PSMC.Hōʻike ka axis x i ka manawa i nā makahiki ma mua o kēia manawa a ʻo ke axis y e hōʻike ana i ka nui o ka heluna kanaka.Hoʻonohonoho nui ʻia nā pakuhi e like me ka māhele ʻāina no kēlā me kēia ʻano me nā wahi hoʻohele like ʻole.c Hoʻololi ka ʻilikai i loko o 1 miliona makahiki i hala ma nā mika33.Hōʻike ka laina melemele i ka piko interglacial honua hope loa a ʻo ka malu cyan e hōʻike ana i ka manawa kiʻekiʻe loa o ka glacial.
Fig. 4 Ka ulu ʻana o nā spines.
aMa ka hema, lāʻau Species e hōʻike ana i ka hoʻololi kūʻokoʻa o nā spines i nā lio kai.Hōʻike ka lōʻihi o ka lālā i ka helu o nā pani i kēlā me kēia pūnaewele.Hōʻike ʻia nā ʻano liʻiliʻi ʻehā i ka uliuli.ʻO nā lālā mānoanoa e pili ana i nā helu kiʻekiʻe o nā mea hoʻololi like ʻole-i-synonymous (dN/dS) no ka gene bmp3.Ua hana 'ia ka ho'ā'o 'o McDonald a me Kreitman (MKT) no ka bmp3 gene no 'ekolu mau 'ano kaikuahine me nā hi'ohi'ona spiny a me nā hi'ohi'ona 'ole i hō'ike 'ia e nā waiho'olu'u hope, nona nā pae ko'iko'i i hō'ike 'ia e ka p waiwai me ka polū a me ka 'ula'ula.ʻAʻole, hōʻike ʻia ka hoʻohālikelike ʻana i nā hoʻololi ʻana o ka waikawa amino i loko o ka protein bmp3, polymorphic a me nā pani paʻa i loko o nā lio kai spiny me nā pōʻai ʻulaʻula a me ka uliuli.b Ka puunaue ana i na waiwai dN/dS ma bmp3 i na lio kai kuamoo i hoohalikeia me na ano spiny ole.c Hoʻololi kūʻokoʻa i ka lāʻau phylogenetic i kūkulu hou ʻia no ka protein i hoʻopaʻa ʻia e bmp3.d Ka hoʻohuihui ʻana o ka bmp3 ma Hippocampus erectus.
Kuhikuhi
Li C et al.Hōʻike nā kaʻina Genome i nā ala hoʻopuehu honua a hōʻike i nā hoʻololi genetic convergent i ka hoʻomohala ʻana i ka liona.Nat Commun.2021 Feb 17;12(1):1094.
Nūhou a me nā mea nui manaʻo e kaʻana like i nā hihia kūleʻa hou loa me Biomarker Technologies, ka hopu ʻana i nā hoʻokō ʻepekema hou a me nā ʻenehana kaulana i hoʻohana ʻia i ka wā o ke aʻo ʻana.
Ka manawa hoʻouna: Jan-06-2022