JUYIN HALITTA
PNAS
Asalin juyin halitta da tarihin gida na kifin zinare (Carassius auratus)
PacBio |Illumina |Bionano Genome Map |Hi-C Genome Majalisar |Taswirar Halitta |GWAS |RNA-Seq
Karin bayanai
1.Goldfish genome an sabunta shi tare da sigar taro mai inganci, yana ɗaure 95.75% na contigs cikin 50 pseudochromosomes (Scaffold N50=31.84 Mb).An raba subgenomes guda biyu.
2. Genomic yankuna na zaɓaɓɓen zaɓe a lokacin gida an gano su ta hanyar yin amfani da bayanan mutane 201, suna buɗe sama da 390 jinsin ɗan takara waɗanda wataƙila suna da alaƙa da halayen gida.
3.GWAS akan kashin baya a cikin kifin zinare na gida ya bayyana kwayoyin halittar ɗan takara 378 waɗanda ke da alaƙa.An gano mai ba da rahoto na tyrosine-protein kinase a matsayin dan takarar da ke da nasaba da gaskiya
Fage
Kifi na Zinariya (Carassius auratus) na ɗaya daga cikin muhimman kifin noma, waɗanda aka samo su daga irin kifi na crucian a tsohuwar kasar Sin.Charles Darwin ya yi tsokaci da su a matsayin "Gasuwar kusan bambancin launi mara iyaka, mun hadu da mafi girman gyare-gyare na tsari".Mabambantan fasali da dogon tarihin gida da kiwo sun sa kifin zinare ya zama kyakkyawan tsarin ƙirar halitta don ilimin kifin kifin da juyin halitta.
Nasarorin da aka samu
Kwayoyin halittar Goldfish
JBinciken mai na PacBio da Illumina biyu-karshen bayanan jeri yana haifar da babban taron daftarin 1.657 G (Contig N50=474 Kb).An ƙirƙiri taswirar gani na Bionano kuma an gyara taron zuwa 1.73 Gb a girman (Kimanin Girman genome: 1.8 Gb).Babban taro na Hi-C ya kara inganta N50 daga 606 Kb zuwa 31.84 Mb kuma ya samu kashi 95.75% (1.65 Gb) bisa tsarin daidaitawa tare da ba da umarnin anchoring.Halittar kwayoyin halitta ta ƙunshi kwayoyin halitta 56,251 da kuma 10,098 dogon rubutun da ba na coding ba.Haka kuma, yankuna 38 masu yuwuwar centromeric an annabta daga cikin chromosomes 50.
Hoto.1 Kifin Zinare Genome
TWo bayyanannun saiti na subgenomes an gano su a cikin chromosomes kifin zinare 50 waɗanda suka samo asali daga wani tsohon taron haɗakarwa.Saitin chromosomes tare da mafi girman adadin karantawa masu daidaitawa tsakanin kifin zinare da Barbinae an bayyana su azaman subgenome A (ChrA01 ~ A25), watau subgenome gama gari ga Barbinae, da sauran a matsayin subgenome B (ChrB01 ~ B25).
Tsarar gida da zaɓen zaɓe
Ajimlar 16 irin nau'in crucian carps da 185 wakilan bambance-bambancen kifin zinare sun kasance daidai da matsakaicin zurfin jeri na kusan 12.5X, yana samar da terabases na 4.3 na bayanai.Sake gina jiki da bincike na PCA sun tabbatar da kusancin kusanci tsakanin kifin zinare na yau da kullun da irin kifi na crucian fiye da sauran kifin zinare, wanda daga baya ya kasu kashi biyu.
LBinciken ɓarna a sama da ƙananan jama'a huɗu ya goyi bayan wanzuwar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar cuta ta yawan jama'a yayin aikin gida da zaɓin wucin gadi mai ƙarfi a cikin kifin zinari.Haɓaka bambance-bambancen kwayoyin halitta (π) daga crucian carp zuwa kifin zinare gama-gari zuwa Wen goldfish da Kifin zinare na kwai ya nuna gagarumin tarin bambance-bambancen kwayoyin halitta yayin zamansu.An gano yankuna 50 masu zaɓen share fage da ke rufe 25.2 Mb da 946 genes daga bayanan wakilai (kifin zinare 33 da 16 crucian crap).Fadada bincike ga mutane 201, kwayoyin halitta 393 sun nuna yankunan da aka kammala zaɓe.An samo waɗannan kwayoyin halitta na ƙananan bambance-bambance, waɗanda wataƙila za su ba da gudummawa ga nau'ikan dabi'un da ke da alaƙa da manyan halayen gida a cikin kifin zinare.
Fig.3 Binciken haɗin gwiwar gida-fadi na Genome
GWAS akan kifin zinare na gida
DOrsal fin siffa ce mai mahimmanci wacce ta bambanta Wen goldfish daga Kifin zinare.GWAS na dorsal fin akan 96 Wen goldfish da 87 Egg goldfish ya bayyana nau'ikan 'yan takara 378 da suka bazu a cikin chromosomes 13 kuma an ga rarraba rashin daidaituwa na waɗannan kwayoyin halitta tsakanin subgenomes.Binciken aiki akan waɗannan kwayoyin halittar ɗan takara ya ba da haske kan hanyoyin nazarin halittu waɗanda suka haɗa da "Siginar mai karɓa ta salula", "Transmembrane Transport", "Ci gaban tsarin kwarangwal", da sauransu.
Hoto 4 GWAS na fin ƙwanƙwasa akan kifin zinare na gida
In GWAS na halaye masu alaƙa da ma'auni na gaskiya, an gano kololuwar ƙungiya ɗaya mai ƙarfi.An gano wani nau'in kwayar halitta da ke ɓoye mai karɓar tyrosine-protein kinase mai karɓa a cikin ɗayan yankuna masu takara.
Hoto 5 GWAS na halaye masu alaƙa da ma'auni na gaskiya
Magana
Cina D et al.Asalin juyin halitta da tarihin gida na kifin zinare (Carassius auratus).PNAS (2020)
Labarai yana da niyyar raba sabbin maganganu masu nasara tare da Biomarker Technologies, ɗaukar sabbin nasarorin kimiyya gami da fitattun dabarun da aka yi amfani da su yayin binciken.
Lokacin aikawa: Janairu-04-2022